(A1001) Authorship and Gender in Otolaryngology: A Study of Gender-Focused Research Publications

Introduction: This study aims to analyze trends in authorship gender for publications addressing gender-related topics in Otolaryngology over the past decade.

Methods: Bibliometric information from original research articles published in English between 1/1/2014 and 11/19/2024 in the United States was extracted with the use of Pubmed. Collected data included first and last author names, title, year of publication, and subject categories (leadership; pay; academics/publishing/authorship; residency/training; other). Gender was determined using genderize.io and author bios based on first names. Trends in authorship gender over time were assessed using Cochran Armitage and Kendall Tau analysis. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results: 104 total articles were identified and determined to be relevant based on review of abstracts. Of these, 75% had a woman first author, 72.1% had a woman last author, and 58.7% had a woman first and last author. Man first and last authors represented only 11.5% of all articles. Overall subject category breakdown was 14.4% leadership, 8.7% pay, 27.9% academics/publishing/authorship, 21.2% residency/training, and 27.9% other. 2015 had 0 total articles.
There was a significant increase over time in the number of woman first author articles (Kendall Tau=0.83; p=0.0004). The proportion of woman first authors rose from 0% in 2014 to 76.2% in 2024, although there was no statistically significant trend likely due to the very small number of articles (p=0.225). Articles with woman last authors also increased in number (Kendall Tau=0.74 p=0.0021), with the proportion rising from 50% to 71.43% (non-significant p=0.3957). There was no significant increase over time in the number of man first author articles (Kendall Tau=0.45 p=0.0641). Man last author article number significantly increased (Kendall Tau=0.71 p=0.0033).

Conclusions: Overall, the number of articles regarding gender in Otolaryngology remains low. While the number of publications increased over time, woman authors continue to represent the majority of first and last authorship.